Thyroid Hormones

Definition

Thyroid hormones are chemicals produced by the thyroid gland that help regulate metabolism, energy levels, and growth in the body.

Scientific / Technical Definition

Thyroid hormones, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), are hormones produced by the thyroid gland in the neck. These hormones are synthesized by the iodination of tyrosine and are critical for regulating the body's metabolic rate, heart and digestive function, muscle control, brain development, and bone maintenance. The production of these hormones is controlled by the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland.

Benefits

• Regulate metabolism and energy levels
• Support growth and development, especially in the brain
• Help maintain heart and digestive functions
• Assist in muscle control and bone health

Examples

• Fish and seafood, as they are natural sources of iodine
• Dairy products, which are often enriched with iodine
• Seaweed, such as kelp, which is high in iodine

Additional Information

• Effects: Thyroid hormones influence nearly every cell in the body, affecting the utilization of macronutrients, the body's temperature, and influencing protein synthesis.

Related Terms

• Metabolism
• Iodine
• Thyroxine (T4)
• Triiodothyronine (T3)

References

• Thyroid Hormones Overview
• The Role of Thyroid Hormones in Metabolism