Hyponatremia

Definition

Hyponatremia is a condition where there is an abnormally low level of sodium in the blood, commonly caused by drinking too much water or issues related to kidney function.

Scientific / Technical Definition

Hyponatremia occurs when the sodium concentration in the blood falls below 135 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). It can result from an excess of water relative to sodium, sodium loss, or both. This electrolyte imbalance can affect the body's cellular function and lead to severe neurological complications.

Benefits

• Understanding and correctly managing hydration levels to prevent conditions like hyponatremia.
• Helps in maintaining the correct balance of fluids in and around the body's cells.

Examples

• Overhydration from excessive water intake during endurance events.
• Sodium loss due to prolonged sweating without adequate sodium replacement.

Additional Information

• Known issues: Severe hyponatremia can lead to brain swelling, seizures, coma, and even death if not treated promptly.

Related Terms

• Sodium
• Electrolyte Imbalance
• Dehydration
• Hypernatremia
• Kidney Function

References

• Hyponatremia - Symptoms and causes
• Exercise-associated hyponatremia