Central Nervous System

Definition

The central nervous system (CNS) is a key part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord. It is responsible for processing and sending out information to the rest of the body.

Scientific / Technical Definition

The central nervous system (CNS) is a complex network of nerve tissues responsible for coordinating bodily functions, including sensory information integration and motor command execution. It consists mainly of neurons and glial cells within the brain and spinal cord.

Benefits

• Regulates voluntary movements and reflexes.
• Processes sensory input from the body.
• Coordinates complex behaviors and cognition.
• Maintains homeostasis.

Examples

• When you touch a hot surface, the CNS processes the sensation and prompts the hand to retract.
• During physical activities, the CNS coordinates muscle movements.

Additional Information

• Effects: The central nervous system controls vital functions like breathing, heart rate, and motor skills. It also plays a major role in cognitive functions such as thinking, memory, and decision-making.

Related Terms

• Peripheral Nervous System
• Neurons
• Neurotransmitters
• Brain
• Spinal Cord

References

• The Central Nervous System Anatomy and Function
• Human Nervous System: Overview