Genetic Modification

Definition

Genetic modification is a process that involves altering the genes of an organism, such as a plant or animal, to achieve desired traits like resistance to pests or improved nutritional content.

Scientific / Technical Definition

Genetic modification involves manipulating an organism's DNA using biotechnology to introduce, remove, or modify specific genes. This technology allows for the precise integration of new genetic information that does not necessarily come from the same species.

Benefits

• Improved crop yields.
• Enhanced nutritional content of foods.
• Increased resistance to pests and diseases.
• Reduced need for chemical pesticides.
• Potential for longer shelf life of produce.

Examples

• Genetically modified soybeans that are resistant to herbicides.
• Bt corn that produces a protein toxic to specific insects.
• Golden rice enriched with beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A.

Additional Information

• Known issues: Some people are concerned about the long-term health effects of consuming genetically modified foods as well as their impact on the environment.

Related Terms

• Non-GMO Foods

References

• Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs): Principles, Methods, and Perspectives
• An Overview of the Genetic Modification of Crops