Malonyl-CoA

Definition

Malonyl-CoA is a molecule that plays a key role in the synthesis of fatty acids in the body. It is involved in metabolism and energy production.

Scientific / Technical Definition

Malonyl-CoA is a coenzyme A derivative of malonic acid that serves as a crucial building block in the biosynthesis of fatty acids. It is formed from acetyl-CoA and carbon dioxide through the action of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Malonyl-CoA is essential for the elongation of carbon chains in fatty acid synthesis and is tightly regulated due to its role in controlling fuel selection between carbohydrate and fat metabolism.

Benefits

• Regulates fatty acid synthesis, which is important for energy storage and cellular function.
• Inhibits the breakdown of fatty acids, preserving them for storage or energy when needed.
• Acts as a metabolic switch, influencing the balance between carbohydrate and fat metabolism.

Examples

• Presence in the synthesis pathway of palmitic acid, a common saturated fat.
• Formation during the conversion of carbohydrates into fats in the liver.

Additional Information

• Effects: Malonyl-CoA plays a crucial role in energy regulation and is implicated in metabolic conditions like obesity and diabetes due to its regulatory effects on fatty acid oxidation and synthesis.

Related Terms

• Acetyl-CoA

References

• Role of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase and Malonyl-CoA in the Regulation of Fatty Acid Synthesis
• The Role of Malonyl-CoA in Obesity and Diabetes