Hormones

Definition

Hormones are chemical messengers in the body that regulate various functions and processes, such as growth, metabolism, and mood.

Scientific / Technical Definition

Hormones are biochemical substances produced by glands in the endocrine system. They are secreted into the bloodstream and travel to target organs or tissues, eliciting specific biological responses. Key hormones include insulin, adrenaline, cortisol, and thyroid hormones, each playing crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis.

Benefits

• Regulate metabolism and energy balance
• Support growth and development
• Control stress and mood levels
• Influence reproductive processes
• Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance

Examples

• Insulin: a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels.
• Thyroxine: produced by the thyroid gland, it controls metabolic rate.
• Adrenaline: produced by the adrenal glands, involved in the fight-or-flight response.
• Estrogen: a primary female sex hormone influential in reproductive and menstrual cycles.

Additional Information

• Importance: Hormones are crucial for maintaining the body's balance and proper functioning. Imbalanced hormone levels can lead to health issues such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and hormonal imbalances affecting mood and reproductive health.

Related Terms

• Endocrine System
• Metabolism
• Insulin
• Cortisol
• Thyroid Gland

References

• Hormones – National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
• Endocrine System - Hormone Health Network