Protein Synthesis

Definition

Protein synthesis is the process by which cells build proteins, the essential components for various functions in the body.

Scientific / Technical Definition

Protein synthesis is a biological process that involves the transcription of DNA into mRNA, followed by the translation of this mRNA into a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a polypeptide chain, which subsequently folds into a functional protein. This process is vital for cell growth, repair, and regulation of various metabolic pathways.

Benefits

• Supports muscle growth and repair
• Essential for producing enzymes and hormones
• Promotes healthy skin, hair, and nails
• Critical for immune function

Examples

• Lean meats such as chicken and turkey
• Fish like salmon and tuna
• Dairy products such as milk and cheese
• Legumes like beans and lentils

Additional Information

• Importance: Protein synthesis is important for maintaining muscle mass, supporting bodily functions, and repairing tissues. It is also vital for the growth and development in children and teens.

Related Terms

• Amino Acids
• Ribosomes
• Transcription
• Translation
• mRNA

References

• Protein synthesis: an overview
• The importance of proteins in cellular function