Growth Hormone

Definition

Growth hormone is a protein hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in the body.

Scientific / Technical Definition

Growth hormone (GH), also known as somatotropin, is a peptide hormone that plays a crucial role in growth regulation, metabolism, and body composition. It is synthesized and secreted by the somatotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. GH influences growth by stimulating the liver to produce insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and affects various tissues in the body including bone, muscle, and adipose tissues.

Benefits

• Promotes growth and development in children and adolescents.
• Helps maintain normal body structure and metabolism.
• Supports muscle development and strength.
• Enhances fat metabolism and helps in reducing body fat.
• Boosts bone health by increasing bone density.

Examples

• Synthesized internally, not directly obtained from food.
• Nutritional factors that support GH production include adequate protein intake.

Additional Information

• Effects: Growth hormone promotes linear growth in children, enhances tissue repair, influences carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and modulates muscle growth and strength.

Related Terms

• Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1)
• Pituitary Gland
• Hormones
• Protein Synthesis
• Metabolism

References

• Growth Hormone: Uses and Side Effects
• Physiology of Growth Hormone Secretion